Houston Rockets, professional basketball team and one of seven teams in the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Rockets play in the Compaq Center in Houston, Texas, and wear jerseys of blue, red, and white.

The Rockets reached the NBA Finals in 1981 and 1986 but lost to the Boston Celtics both times. Led by center Hakeem Olajuwon, the team won its first NBA title in 1994, becoming the first professional team from Houston to win a major sports championship. With the addition of veteran guard Clyde Drexler, the Rockets won a second NBA championship in 1995. In addition to Olajuwon, several other top centers have played for the franchise, including Elvin Hayes, Moses Malone, and Ralph Sampson.

The Rockets were originally located in San Diego, California. The club entered the NBA in 1967 along with another expansion team, the Seattle SuperSonics. In its debut season San Diego compiled a 15-67 win-loss record to set an NBA record for losses. (The Philadelphia 76ers broke that record during the 1972-73 season with a 9-73 win-loss record). The Rockets’ record entitled them to the first selection in the league’s collegiate draft, and they chose Elvin Hayes from the University of Houston. As a rookie Hayes led the league in scoring with an average of 28.4 points per game and helped the Rockets earn their first trip to the playoffs in 1969.

After failing to win much fan support in four seasons in San Diego, the club relocated to Houston for the 1971-72 season. In a city that traditionally supported football, the Rockets gained fans slowly, averaging only 4,966 fans per game in their inaugural season in Houston. But they reached the playoffs in 1975, led by guard Calvin Murphy and forward Rudy Tomjanovich. Early in 1976 the club acquired Moses Malone, who was the first basketball player to advance directly from high school to professional play. With Malone, Murphy, and Tomjanovich, the Rockets won the Central Division in 1977 and advanced to the Eastern Conference Finals.

Malone won the most valuable player (MVP) award in 1979 and placed first in rebounding and second in scoring during the 1980-81 season. Despite a 40-42 record, the Rockets qualified for the playoffs by one game in 1981. Guided by head coach Del Harris, the team won the first three playoff series but was defeated in the championship round by the Boston Celtics.

The Rockets traded Malone in 1983, and poor finishes in the next two seasons gave the franchise top picks in the NBA draft. Houston selected 7-ft 4-in (2.2-m) Ralph Sampson in 1983 and 7-ft (2.1-m) Hakeem Olajuwon in 1984. In the 1985-86 season the two centers—nicknamed the Twin Towers—led the Rockets to the Midwest Division title and upset the defending NBA-champion Los Angeles Lakers in the conference finals. Houston was again defeated in the NBA Finals by the Boston Celtics.